2 axis
special workings
This
kind of workings permit you to perform operations like
contour, internal and external
circle mill,
circular pockets emptying, slot working or punching cycles.
These kind of
workings can be activated by:
The
available workings will be shown
in the following menu:
As for all the operations seen by now,
even for 2 axis special workings you'll need to define the tool from the
Tool Parameters
table.
Circle Mill
This permits you to perform internal and external circles
contour. During the operation of internal contour, this working performs even the emptying of all
the stuff existing within the circle,
as it does even in case of pockets emptying. The necessary geometry for this
kind of operation is the simple point that identify the center of all the
circles.
You'll
have to insert all the necessary parameters
in the Circmill
parameters table shown below.
Many
of the options in this window have just been illustrated,
so now we'll talk only about those linked to this kind of operation.
·
Circle Diameter
It permits you to specify the diameter of the circle you'll work with and to
which the selected point refers.
·
Start Angle:
It defines the point where the working starts by showing the angle value
referred to the X axe.
·
Entry/Exit arc sweep:
It permits you to define the entrance/exit of the arc angle in case of
circles contour
operations. If this arc is less than 180 degrees, the system builds up an
entrance/exit line.
·
Start at center:
Sets the central point of the circle as the working starting point.
·
Perpendicular entry:
It forces the system to create even a perpendicular line in the point where
the arc starts and ends.
Here there are three
application examples
for the use of the three explained operations.
·
Overlap:
It shows the value with which the tool overlaps the surface worked at the
beginning of the contour
itself, before going to the following increase in Z or before ending
the operation.
·
Roughing
If the
circle must be completely worked, that's to say it has to be emptied before
the contour, you need to
select the
Roughing
button and go to the Circle mill
roughing window shown below.
The roughing of a circle is made thanks to movements similar to the way in
which the helix enters during the working of pockets, so even the parameters
are similar.
·
Stepover
This
option permits you to define the stepover expressed in tool
percentage or in millimetres.
·
Helix entrance
With the
Helix entrance
the tool is forced to make an helical movement to penetrate the material, in
order to improve the way in which it works the raw piece.
The helix
definition parameters can be set in the contour roughing window
and they are:
o
Minimum Radius
It's the
minimum shift the tool can make when it comes down in helix.
o
Maximum Radius
It's
the maximum shift the tool can make when it comes down in helix.
o
XY
clearance
It's the
minimum distance between the walls that the tool must respect when it makes
circular interpolation shifts during helix descent.
o
Z
clearance
It's the
maximum depth reached by the tool during the entrance phase.
o
Plunge Angle
It's the
slope with which the helix descent is made due to increases in
Z.
o
Output arc moves
With this
option, the
system creates a course by making shifts for the circular interpolation
instead of linear interpolation in order to obtain a smaller file.
o
If helix
fails
It
permits you to define the action the system must do in case the helix
entrance doesn't work out for a contradiction between the set values and
the kind of operation to do. By choosing Plunge,
the tool doesn't follow the helix, but it
penetrates directly in the piece. This choice is quite dangerous and for
this rash. By choosing Skip the system doesn't perform the operation
because the helix entrance failed.
This picture shows an example of circles contour operation.
Theread mill
This
option permits you to create
edgings
internal and external to the selected circle and are used
with taps or
dies
when there are big diameters to edge, that is when the
dimensions make the fixed cycle workings impossible.
To perform an
contour edging operation,
you'll need to insert the parameters in the table shown below.
Some
of the existing options
are the same as the ones for circles contour
we just talked about and so are not gonna be described again.
If the
entity chosen for this working is an arc, than it will be enough to
indicate whether you want to create an
Internal thread
or an
External thread;
while, if you have chosen a point entity, you'll need to specify even the
Major thread diameter.
Before choosing the direction by selecting
Right-hand thread
or Left-hand thread, you must indicate the geometric characteristics of the
edging itself, its
thread pitch
and its extension borders taking them from the
Top of thread and the
Thread depth.
Both these values, as in all the other workings, can be expressed with an
Absolute value as regards the absolute source, or with an
Incremental
value
as regards the manufacture depth of the selected geometry.
So, once you set the
Thread start angle
(as regards the
X axe) from which the first thread starts, you must choose the
options for the working.
·
Number of active teeth
It shows
the active teeth
number, that is the number of threads that are created at the
same time.
·
Helical entry/exit at top of thread
By choosing this option,
the system inserts an entrance/exit helicoidal movement when the tool at the
thread end in the upper side of the edging.
·
Helical entry/exit at bottom of thread
By choosing this option,
the system inserts an entrance/exit helicoidal movement when the tool at the
thread end in the lower side of the edging..
·
Linearize helixes
It
permits to change the helix advancing
into a sequence of linear movements. The precision of this change depends on
the value given to the linearize
tolerance.
·
Machining Direction
It
indicates whether the working is made
from the
top to bottom
or From the bottom to top.
Here it's shown an example of
a circles edging in contour
operation.
Auto drill
This function creates a complete series of punching operations for a series
of points or arcs. After selecting a series of holes, the system creates
automatically a sequence of pre-drillings,
punchings,
tappings and smoothings, by choosing the right tools from the tool library
regarding to the characteristics given to the selected holes.
For this
kind of operation, the
Tool Parameters
window looks different from what we have seen until now as you can see in the
picture shown below.
·
Parameters
These
parameters define the kind of operation
used for the holes made by the selected arcs.
In case you choose points
instead of arcs, you should specify the assigned arc diameter.
·
Spot
drilling operation
This
operation permits you to create spot drilling holes by specifying the diameter of the used
ctrl drill and the maximum depth the spot drilling
should have.
·
Champfering with the spot drill
Permits
you to create a
champfer by the spot drill. Practically it
permits you, after you performed the punchings, to use the ctrl drill tool again to make
the champfer on the hole.
This system permits you even to create an operation of its own just for the
smoothing.
Here it's shown the Depths,
Group and library
table.
This
table permits you to insert two different kind of parameters
for the auto-punching.
-
Drill group and type
Shows
if the kind of course to create is made of 3 or 5
axes.
It shows even the way in which the operations made with the
auto-punching must be insert within the
Operations Manager.
-
Tool
Library
Shows
from which library the system must choose the tools needed for the
auto-punching operations.
The table
Custom Drill Parameters
shows the
possible variables, to perform certain functions personalized thanks to the post-processor.
The
option of the
Pre-drilling
table permits you to handle the hole roughing operations before
passing to the finishing operation.
-
Minimum pre-drill diameter
This value indicates the minimum
diameter
to create during the pre-drilling. It will
force the system to choose from the active tool library the smallest
tool to use during this operation.
-
Pre-drill diameter increment
This value indicates the diameter
of the space between a hole and the next one during the
operations of pre-drilling.
-
Stock per side remaining
for finish tool
It's the thickness of the material
remaining from the roughing operation left to perform other finishing
operations.
-
Tip comp
Permits
you to go to the dialog window
Drill tip compensation we just talked
about in the punching cycles.
This function, thanks to the introduction of the drill angle, can
automatically increase the value of the working depth filling the
difference in length that will not allow you to obtain the hole at the
requested depth.
More than this, the system gives you the possibility
to assign another value of
Breakthrought amount regarding the assigned
depth.
Start hole
The first punchin permits you to automatically create a
punching cycle in those points that identify the entrance point of other CAM
operation like pockets or contours.
Here it's shown the window where you can define the parameters needed to
create this kind of workings.
The first punching operation can be followed in two ways
depending on the Basic or Advanced option.
The basic tool
course creates only the punching operation without pre drills or champfers. The advanced option
instead permits you to go to the auto-punching window we just talked about
where you can define even pre drills
and champfers.
In any case
you need to select the operations in the specific area of
Operation to drill start hole
so that the system could analize their CAM course and create the drills in
the entrance points. Anyway it is possible to define an additional value for
the hole diameter and depth referred to the selected operation.
Slot mill
This operation is similar to the pockets working we just saw
but is just for slots, that is pockets composed by chains made of two
parallel lines closed with two circular arcs by 180°.
The window of this
working is shown below and here it is possible to define, more than the tool
to use, all the useful choices needed during this operation.
The
parameters of this window
are similar to other operation we just saw.
In the
Rough/Finish parameters
window, you must define the specific choices for eventual passages of
roughing,
finishing ed ramp entrance.
Helix bore
This
kind of operation
permits you to create helicoidal boring courses with specific tools
simply thanks to an helix deep movement for a first roughing. These tools
end the bottom of the course and make a finishing pass returning from
the starting point. The shown window has all the options needed for this
kind of working but these options are similar to the one we just talked
about.
Exercise
With the CAM system you got together with the course you can
practice with functions of 2 axes special workings simply by creating
operation of circles contour,
internal and external edging,
automatic punching cycles, slots workings and helicoidal borings simply by
setting the parameters needed for these operations so that you can
understand their utility in specific situation.
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